Impact of Haemodialysis on Lipid Profile in Diabetic & Non-Diabetic Patients with End Stage Renal Disease

Abstract

Introduction: End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is associated with dyslipidaemia, contributing to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Lipid abnormalities often persist despite haemodialysis and are more pronounced in diabetic ESRD patients, further elevating cardiovascular risk.

Aim & objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of haemodialysis on lipid profiles among diabetic and non-diabetic ESRD patients.

Material & Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine at IGESIC Hospital, Jhilmil, Delhi, from August 2023 to December 2024. A total of 180 ESRD patients undergoing haemodialysis were included, comprising 90 diabetic and 90 non-diabetic patients. Patients aged above 18 years and receiving haemodialysis for at least three months were enrolled. Lipid profile parameters, including total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides, were assessed before and after dialysis. Statistical analysis was performed using paired and independent t-tests, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: Diabetic patients demonstrated higher pre-dialysis lipid levels compared to non-diabetic patients. Following haemodialysis, both groups showed reductions in total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides, along with slight increases in HDL levels. In diabetic patients, total cholesterol reduced from 220 mg/dL to 200 mg/dL, while triglycerides decreased from 200 mg/dL to 170 mg/dL. Similar improvements were observed in non-diabetic patients. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences between pre- and post-dialysis lipid profiles (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Haemodialysis significantly improves lipid profile parameters in ESRD patients; however, diabetic patients continue to exhibit comparatively poorer lipid profiles than non-diabetic patients. Regular lipid monitoring and appropriate therapeutic interventions are essential to reduce cardiovascular complications in ESRD patients undergoing haemodialysis.